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Metabolic Syndrome Reduced by Exercise
August 19, 2009: 0 comment(s)
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While the risk for certain diseases increase with weight, like heart disease and diabetes, where the added pounds occur on your body is even more important. Doctors look at where fat is distributed and categorize body shapes into apples or pears. Apple people have more of their fat around their abdomen and pear people have more of their extra weight around their buttocks and thighs.
Apple people, or people who have their extra weight around their abdomen are at higher risk for diabetes, heart disease and a condition physicians call metabolic syndrome. Scientists think that reducing the size of abdominal fat cells is key to health.
Metabolic syndrome is a high risk condition where individuals are generally apple people. Not only do they have abdominal obesity but several other risk factors for heart disease. These include low levels of LDLs or ‘good’ cholesterol, high triglycerides, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar levels.
Another sign of metabolic syndrome, is not only more abdominal fat cells but larger abdominal fat cells. This symptom is being studied by Dr. Tongjian You, PhD, professor of geriatric medicine at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.
Dr. You conducted a 20-week weight loss program with obese, middle-aged ‘apple-shaped’ women. All the participants were provided meals by a registered dietician and had a deficit of 2,800 calories/week through diet alone or a diet/exercise combination. They were divided into three groups. Group one only dieted. The second group walked moderately three times a week for 50 minutes and the third group walked fast for 30 minutes, three times a week.
All three groups lost 19-23lbs, lowered their fat mass, and lost 3-4 inches around their waist and hips. The most important results showed that both exercise groups reduced the size of abdominal cells by 18% while the diet-only group showed no size reduction. Dr. You stated, “Considering the important role of abdominal fat cell size in predicting diabetes and heart disease, our study does indicate that addition of exercise to dietary weight loss is more beneficial than weight loss alone.”
Dieting alone can lower weight and fat mass but does not seem to reduce the size of individual fat cells, a known way to improve your odds against chronic diseases.
The addition of increased activity appears to effect fat cell size. Diet and exercise each contribute in their own way to alter fat cell size and activity.
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